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Outcome School · AI agents19 min read

by Amit Shekhar · 29 April 2026

Multi-Agent Systems

Multi-Agent Systems - what they are, the three pillars that hold them together, the common agent roles, how agents communicate and coordinate, the trade-offs, and when to use them.

3,710 words#ai-agent#llm#ai#machine-learning4 recall cards

Multi-Agent Systems
Read on Outcome School ↗then come back to lock it in
Before you read, guess

What are the three essential components of multi-agent systems, and what happens if one is removed?

Ten seconds, a guess, then read — a wrong guess still makes the answer stick.

What this article covers

  1. The Big Picture
  2. What is a Multi-Agent System
  3. The Three Pillars
  4. Common Agent Roles
  5. How Agents Communicate
  6. How Agents Coordinate
  7. Multi-Agent vs Single Agent - The Trade-offs
  8. Common Mistakes
  9. When to Use a Multi-Agent System

The article lives on outcomeschool.com. Read it there, then come back: the tutor in the margin has read it and will answer questions, and the questions below check what stayed.

Before you go

In one sentence, what was this chapter about?

From memory, without scrolling up. Writing it is what makes it yours; the grade is only to show you what you had.

How sure?